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Red and black (informally) |seats1_title = Councillors |seats1 = |seats2_title = Representatives |seats2 = |seats3_title = Prefectural assembly members 〔()〕 |seats3 = |seats4_title = Municipal assembly members 〔Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: (Prefectural and local assembly members and governors/mayors by political party as of December 31, 2011 )〕 |seats4 = |website = (www.dpj.or.jp ) |country = Japan |colorcode = }} The is a centrist〔The Democratic Party of Japan is widely described as centrist: * * * * * * *〕 political party in Japan founded in 1998 by the merger of several opposition parties. After the 2009 election, the DPJ became the ruling party in the House of Representatives, defeating the long-dominant Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and gaining the largest number of seats in both the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors. After winning a landslide victory in 2009, it was ousted from government by the LDP in the 2012 general election. It retained 57 seats in the lower house, and still had 88 seats in the upper house. During its time in office, the DPJ was beset by internal conflicts and struggled to implement many of its proposed policies, an outcome described by political scientists as the "paradox of political change without policy change."〔Phillip Y. Lipscy and Ethan Scheiner. 2012. "(Japan under the DPJ: The Paradox of Political Change without Policy Change )." ''Journal of East Asian Studies'' 12(3): 311-322.〕 Legislative productivity under the DPJ was particularly low, falling to levels unprecedented in recent Japanese history according to some measures.〔Kenji E. Kushida and Phillip Y. Lipscy. 2013. "(The Rise and Fall of the Democratic Party of Japan )." in Kenji E. Kushida and Phillip Y. Lipscy eds. ''Japan Under the DPJ: The Politics of Transition and Governance''. Stanford: Brookings/Walter H. Shorenstein Asia Pacific Research Center.〕 However, the DPJ implemented a number of progressive measures during its time in office such as the provision of free public schooling through high school, increases in child-rearing subsidies,〔Japan in Transformation, 1945–2010 (2nd edition) by Jeff Kingston〕 expanded unemployment insurance coverage, extended duration of a housing allowance, and stricter regulations safeguarding part-time and temporary workers. It is not to be confused with the now-defunct Japan Democratic Party that merged with the Liberal Party in 1955 to form the Liberal Democratic Party. It is also different from another Democratic Party, which was established in 1947 and dissolved in 1950. ==History== (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Democratic Party of Japan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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